Marine Risks 1. The ingredients of a valid insurance claim The essence of a marine insurance contract is that it is a contract of indemnity, that is, the insurer undertakes to be responsible for any losses sustained by the assured provided that the cause of the loss is within the scope of the indemnity (Castellain...
Category: Marine Insurance Law
Implied Warranties
Implied Warranties 1. Implied Warranties Section 33(2) MIA recognises that warranties may be implied. Warranties may be implied into the marine insurance contract either by reason of the parties’ agreement or by law (via MIA). A warranty may be implied by reason of the parties’ agreement if the implied warranty is necessary (not merely desirable)...
Conditions Precedent and Other Terms of The Insurance Contract
Conditions Precedent And Other Terms Of The Insurance Contract 1. Conditions Precedent Conditions precedent are frequently used in insurance policies. A condition precedent is classically a clause which imposes an obligation on the assured as a condition precedent to the insurer’s liability. If the condition precedent is not complied with, the insurer will by the...
Express warranties
Express warranties 1. Definition Of Warranties Two different types of warranties should be distinguished: a) Promissory warranties, the breach of which will discharge the insurer from liability. b) Descriptive or suspensive warranties, the breach of which will merely suspend the insurance cover while the assured remains in breach. i) Promissory Warranties Section 33(1) MIA defines...
Attachment, Duration and Termination of The Insured Risk
Attachment, Duration And Termination Of The Insured Risk 1. Policy Period, Time Policy And Voyage Policy The same considerations within section 25 MIA. These considerations can be found in Parts 7 and 8 of this Mini Series. 2. Cargo Policies And The Institute Clauses Cargo is invariably insured under voyage policies given that the very...
Premium
Premium 1. Introduction The premium is the monetary consideration paid by the assured in return for the insurer’s promise of indemnity in respect of losses covered by the policy. In the ordinary course of marine insurance business, the premium is paid by the assured to the broker; the broker pays the premium to the insurer...
The Assured’s Agent : Rights, Duites and Liabilities
The Assured’s Agent : Rights, Duites And Liabilities 1. Authority Of Insurance Agents Insurance agents are usually employed to effect an insurance and also to take an administrative role in the coverage of the policy taken to insure against perils of the sea. An agent may be granted actual authority which arises in consequence of...
Remedies
Remedies 1. Avoidance i) Meaning Of Avoidance Avoidance is a remedy available to the innocent party. However, it is a remedy which does not apply automatically. The innocent party, commonly the insurer, has to elect to exercise the remedy and the election has to be communicated to the party in breach. If the insurer does...
The Insurer’s Duty
The Insurer’s Duty 1. Introduction Section 17 MIA is quite clear in saying that the duty of good faith rests on both the assured and the insurer. The section further states that if there has been a breach of the duty by one party, the other party is entitled to avoid the insurance contract. As...
The Assured’s Post-Contractual Duty of Good Faith
The Assured’s Post-Contractual Duty Of Good Faith 1. Introduction The Court of Appeal in The Mercandian Continent confirmed that the duty of good faith continues beyond the making of the insurance contract, in respect of claims and in respect of the performance of the contract generally. However, the duty is merely one not to be...